2018-6-17 #Java

Java FX

官页 - https://openjfx.io/ 下载页 - https://gluonhq.com/products/javafx/ 文档 - https://openjfx.io/openjfx-docs/#introduction API文档 - https://openjfx.io/javadoc/24/

JavaFX is an open source, next generation client application platform for desktop, mobile and embedded systems built on Java. It is a collaborative effort by many individuals and companies with the goal of producing a modern, efficient, and fully featured toolkit for developing rich client applications.

发展历史

2007 年 Sun Microsystems 发布 JavaFX：最初定位为 RIA（富互联网应用）框架，对标 Adobe Flex 和 Microsoft Silverlight。
JavaFX 1.0（2008）：基于 JavaFX Script（一种声明式脚本语言），需独立安装运行环境，与 Java 分离。支持桌面和浏览器插件，但性能较差。
Oracle 收购 Sun（2010）：重新设计 JavaFX，放弃 JavaFX Script，转向纯 Java API。
JavaFX 8（2014）：随 Java 8 发布，成为 JDK 默认组件，无需额外安装。新增 3D 图形、打印 API 和触摸屏支持。
Java 9+ 与模块化（2017）：JavaFX 被拆分为独立模块（javafx.controls、javafx.graphics 等），需通过 OpenJFX 社区维护。
OpenJFX 项目：Oracle 将 JavaFX 开源，由社区（如 Gluon 公司）主导开发，支持持续更新。
JavaFX 11（2018）：首个完全独立于 JDK 的版本，需手动添加依赖。

JavaFx 模块列表


javafx.base	Defines the base APIs for the JavaFX UI toolkit, including APIs for bindings, properties, collections, and events.
javafx.controls	Defines the UI controls, charts, and skins that are available for the JavaFX UI toolkit.
javafx.fxml	Defines the FXML APIs for the JavaFX UI toolkit.
javafx.graphics	Defines the core scenegraph APIs for the JavaFX UI toolkit (such as layout containers, application lifecycle, shapes, transformations, canvas, input, painting, image handling, and effects), as well as APIs for animation, css, concurrency, geometry, printing, and windowing.
javafx.media	Defines APIs for playback of media and audio content, as part of the JavaFX UI toolkit, including `MediaView` and `MediaPlayer`.
javafx.swing	Defines APIs for the JavaFX / Swing interop support included with the JavaFX UI toolkit, including `SwingNode` (for embedding Swing inside a JavaFX application) and `JFXPanel` (for embedding JavaFX inside a Swing application).
javafx.web	Defines APIs for the WebView functionality contained within the the JavaFX UI toolkit.

Run HelloWorld using Gradle

官文档: https://openjfx.io/openjfx-docs/#gradle
示例仓库 : https://github.com/openjfx/samples/tree/master/HelloFX/Gradle

build.gradle

build.gradle

plugins {  
    id("java")  
    id ("application")
    // gradle : javafx插件 
    id ("org.openjfx.javafxplugin") version "0.1.0"  
}  
group = "org.yang.jfx"  
version = "1.0-SNAPSHOT"  
  
repositories {  
    mavenCentral()  
}
// 注意必须配置入口, Gradle 中的Run 是读取这个配置的
application{  
    mainClass  = "org.yang.jfx.HelloApplication"  
}
  
javafx {  
    version = "17.0.1"  
    // 导入 javafx 模块
    modules = listOf("javafx.controls", "javafx-fxml")  
}  
dependencies {  
    //implementation(fileTree("D:\\library\\javafx-sdk-24.0.1\\lib"))  
    testImplementation(platform("org.junit:junit-bom:5.10.0"))  
}  
tasks.test {  
    useJUnitPlatform()  
}

HelloApplication

HelloApplication

package org.yang.jfx;
 
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.layout.BorderPane;
import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
 
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
 
 
public class HelloApplication extends Application {
 
    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
        /**
         * 首先我们创建一个Button，当我们点击Button的时候，改变Button的内容。
         */
        Button btnHello = new Button("Hello");
        /**
         * 设置btnHello按钮点击事件
         */
        btnHello.setOnAction(event->{
            btnHello.setText("Hello World, I am JavaFX!");
        });
        
        /**
         *  BorderPane是一个用于布局的Pane，BoerderPane将面板分割为上下左右中五部分。
         *  我们可以将UI控件放置在BorderPane的上下左右和中间。
         *  这里将将Button放置在中间。
         */
        BorderPane pane = new BorderPane();
        pane.setCenter(btnHello);
 
        // 将pane加入到Scen中
        Scene scene = new Scene(pane, 500, 500);
 
        // 设置stage的scen，然后显示我们的stage
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.setTitle("Hello World");
        primaryStage.show();
    }
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
 
    }
 
}

注意: 直接在 idea run 是跑不起来的: 错误: 缺少 JavaFX 运行时组件, 需要使用该组件来运行此应用程序 需要在Gradle Task 中的Run才能跑起来!!

Spring boo3 + Javafx

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets  
import java.io.PrintStream  
plugins {  
    id ("java")  
    id ("application")  
    //spring boot  
    id("org.springframework.boot") version "3.4.3"  
    id("io.spring.dependency-management") version "1.1.7"  
    // jlink  
    id ("org.beryx.jlink") version "2.26.0"  
    id ("org.openjfx.javafxplugin") version "0.1.0"  
    id ("com.gluonhq.gluonfx-gradle-plugin") version "1.0.22"  
}  
group = "org.yang.map.one.step"  
version = "1.0.0"  
  
repositories {  
    mavenLocal{setUrl("file:///F:\\gradle_local_repository")}  // 优先从本地仓库查找依赖  
    maven { setUrl("https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public") } // 镜像源  
    mavenCentral()// 最后查找中央仓库  
    mavenCentral()  
}  
  
application{  
    mainClass  = "org.yang.map.one.step.Main"  
    applicationDefaultJvmArgs = listOf(  
        // ZGC  
        "-XX:+UseZGC",  
        // 当遇到空指针异常时显示更详细的信息  
        "-XX:+ShowCodeDetailsInExceptionMessages",  
        "-Dsun.java2d.opengl=true",  
        // 不添加此参数，打包成exe后，https协议的网络图片资源无法加载  
        "-Dhttps.protocols=TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2"  
    )  
}  
  
javafx {  
    version = "17.0.1"  
    modules = listOf("javafx.controls","javafx.fxml","javafx.web")  
}  
dependencies {  
    //implementation(fileTree("D:\\library\\javafx-sdk-24.0.1\\lib"))  
    implementation("cn.hutool:hutool-all:5.8.24")  
    //spring boot "3.4.3"  
    implementation("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web")  
    //添加Spring boot3 打包时 Task :createMergedModule 会解析到这两个玩意儿  
    implementation("io.micrometer:context-propagation")  
    implementation("io.projectreactor.tools:blockhound:1.0.13.RELEASE")  
  
    //slf4j 日志  
    implementation("org.slf4j:slf4j-api:2.0.9")  
    implementation("ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:1.5.16")  
    implementation("ch.qos.logback:logback-core:1.5.16")  
  
    testImplementation(platform("org.junit:junit-bom:5.10.0"))  
    implementation(kotlin("stdlib-jdk8"))  
}  
  
tasks.withType<JavaCompile> {  
    options.encoding = "UTF-8"  
}  
  
jlink {  
    options.set(listOf("--strip-debug", "--compress", "2", "--no-header-files", "--no-man-pages"))  
  
    launcher {  
        name = application.applicationName  
        imageName.set(application.applicationName)  
    }  
  
    imageZip.set(project.file("${project.layout.buildDirectory.get()}/image-zip/JavaFXSample.zip"))  
  
    jpackage {  
        outputDir = "build-package"  
        imageName = application.applicationName  
        installerType = "exe" // 创建绿色版免安装程序  
        skipInstaller = true  
        installerName = application.applicationName  
        appVersion = version.toString()  
        val os = org.gradle.internal.os.OperatingSystem.current()  
        if (os.isWindows) {  
            icon = "src/main/resources/application.ico"  
            installerOptions.addAll(  
                listOf("--win-dir-chooser", "--win-menu", "--win-shortcut", "--win-menu-group", application.applicationName)  
            )  
        }  
//        if (os.isMacOsX) {  
//            icon = "src/main/resources/application.icns"  
//        }  
//        if (os.isLinux) {  
//            icon = "src/main/resources/application.png"  
//            installerType = "deb"  
//            installerOptions.addAll(  
//                listOf("--linux-deb-maintainer", "icuxika@outlook.com", "--linux-menu-group", application.applicationName, "--linux-shortcut")  
//            )  
//        }  
    }  
}  
  
tasks.test {  
    useJUnitPlatform()  
}
 
//测试编码问题
tasks.named("createMergedModule") {  
    doFirst {  
        System.setProperty("file.encoding", "UTF-8")  
        val encode = System.getProperty("file.encoding")  
        println("== 正在合并模块 (编码: ${encode}) ==")  
        System.setOut(PrintStream(System.out, true, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name()))  
        System.setErr(PrintStream(System.err, true, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name()))  
    }  
}

module-info

module org.yang.map{ 
    requires javafx.controls;  
    requires javafx.fxml;  
    requires javafx.web;  
    requires spring.context;  
    requires spring.boot;  
    requires spring.beans;  
    requires spring.boot.autoconfigure;  
    requires org.slf4j;  
    requires cn.hutool;  
    requires java.desktop;  
  
    // 无条件开放整个模块的所有包（反射访问）  
    opens org.yang.map.one.step;  
}

问题

程序包 io.micrometer.context 不存在

E:\projects-my\map-one-step-desktop\build\jlinkbase\tmpjars\org.yang.jfx.merged.module\module-info.java:706: 错误: 程序包io.micrometer.context不存在
    provides io.micrometer.context.ThreadLocalAccessor with io.micrometer.observation.contextpropagation.ObservationThreadLocalAccessor;
                                  ^
E:\projects-my\map-one-step-desktop\build\jlinkbase\tmpjars\org.yang.jfx.merged.module\module-info.java:717: 错误: 程序包reactor.blockhound.integration不存在
    provides reactor.blockhound.integration.BlockHoundIntegration with org.springframework.core.ReactiveAdapterRegistry.SpringCoreBlockHoundIntegration,

添加 Spring boot3 打包时 gradle Task :createMergedModule 合并模块model 会解析到这两个玩意儿

所以需要添加这两个依赖

dependencies {
	//添加Spring boot3 打包时 Task :createMergedModule 会解析到这两个玩意儿  
	implementation("io.micrometer:context-propagation")  
	implementation("io.projectreactor.tools:blockhound:1.0.13.RELEASE")
	....

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with Web 混合开发

build.gradle

.......
javafx {
    version = "17.0.1"
    modules = listOf("javafx.controls","javafx.fxml","javafx.web")//引入 web 模块
}
......

HelloApplication.java

package org.yang.jfx;
 
import cn.hutool.core.util.RandomUtil;
import cn.hutool.core.util.StrUtil;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.layout.BorderPane;
import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;
import javafx.scene.web.WebEngine;
import javafx.scene.web.WebView;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.scene.image.Image;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
 
 
public class HelloApplication extends Application {
 
    @Override
    public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
 
        WebView webView = new WebView();
        WebEngine webEngine = webView.getEngine();
        String externalForm = getClass().getResource("/html/dist/index.html").toExternalForm();
        System.out.println(externalForm);
        webEngine.load(externalForm);
 
        BorderPane pane = new BorderPane();
        pane.setCenter(webView);
 
        // 将pane加入到Scen中
        Scene scene = new Scene(pane, 500, 500);
        try {
            URI uri = getClass().getResource("/application.ico").toURI();
            Image appIcon = new Image(uri.toString());
            primaryStage.getIcons().add(appIcon);
        } catch (URISyntaxException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.setTitle("Hello World");
        primaryStage.show();
    }
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        launch(args);
 
    }
 
}

Transclude of map-one-stop.zip

JavaFX 程序打包

参考项目: https://github.com/JavaFX-Starter/JavaFX-Package-Sample/blob/java21/build.gradle

jlink 插件源码项目 - https://github.com/beryx/badass-jlink-plugin

build.gradle

plugins {
    id ("java")
    id ("application")
    id ("org.beryx.jlink") version "2.26.0"  //  jlink 插件
    id ("org.openjfx.javafxplugin") version "0.1.0"
    // id ("com.gluonhq.gluonfx-gradle-plugin") version "1.0.22"
}
group = "org.yang.jfx"
version = "1.0.0"
 
javafx {
    version = "17.0.1"
    modules = listOf("javafx.controls","javafx.fxml")
}
dependencies {
    //implementation(fileTree("D:\\library\\javafx-sdk-24.0.1\\lib"))
    testImplementation(platform("org.junit:junit-bom:5.10.0"))
}
 
tasks.withType<JavaCompile> {
    options.encoding = "UTF-8"
}
 
application{
    mainClass  = "org.yang.jfx.HelloApplication"
    applicationDefaultJvmArgs = listOf(
        // ZGC
        "-XX:+UseZGC",
        // 当遇到空指针异常时显示更详细的信息
        "-XX:+ShowCodeDetailsInExceptionMessages",
        "-Dsun.java2d.opengl=true",
        // 不添加此参数，打包成exe后，https协议的网络图片资源无法加载
        "-Dhttps.protocols=TLSv1.1,TLSv1.2"
    )
}
 
jlink {
    options.set(listOf("--strip-debug", "--compress", "2", "--no-header-files", "--no-man-pages"))
    launcher {
        name = application.applicationName
        imageName.set(application.applicationName)
    }
 
    imageZip.set(project.file("${project.layout.buildDirectory.get()}/image-zip/JavaFXSample.zip"))
 
    jpackage {
        outputDir = "build-package"//输出目录
        imageName = application.applicationName
        installerType = "exe" // 创建绿色版免安装程序
        skipInstaller = false
        installerName = application.applicationName
        appVersion = version.toString()
        val os = org.gradle.internal.os.OperatingSystem.current()
        if (os.isWindows) {
            icon = "src/main/resources/application.ico"
            installerOptions.addAll(
                listOf("--win-dir-chooser", "--win-menu", "--win-shortcut", "--win-menu-group", application.applicationName)
            )
        }
//        if (os.isMacOsX) {
//            icon = "src/main/resources/application.icns"
//        }
//        if (os.isLinux) {
//            icon = "src/main/resources/application.png"
//            installerType = "deb"
//            installerOptions.addAll(
//                listOf("--linux-deb-maintainer", "icuxika@outlook.com", "--linux-menu-group", application.applicationName, "--linux-shortcut")
//            )
//        }
    }
}
 
tasks.test {
    useJUnitPlatform()
}

运行 gradle 的 jpackage 任务会在 ./build\build-package\helloJfx 输出打包后的可执行 exe

踩坑指南

IllegalArgumentException

关于错误 IllegalArgumentException

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: "�汾 [1.0-SNAPSHOT] ������Ч��� [0-SNAPSHOT]"

原因 jpackage 对版本号有严格的要求：

版本号必须符合 OSGi 版本规范
格式应为：<major>.<minor>.<micro>.<qualifier>
不允许使用 SNAPSHOT 这样的后缀

关于乱码

都TM2025还乱码, 关于执行 gradle 任务出现乱码, 但凡项目配置了 UTF-8 基本不是入口的JVM问题.

在createMergedModule任务添加前置处理, 打印出来看也是正常

tasks.named("createMergedModule") {  
    doFirst {  
        System.setProperty("file.encoding", "UTF-8")  
        val encode = System.getProperty("file.encoding")  
        println("== 正在合并模块 (编码: ${encode}) ==")  
        System.setOut(PrintStream(System.out, true, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name()))  
        System.setErr(PrintStream(System.err, true, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name()))  
    }  
}

核心原因是 createMergedModule 任务中, 又启动了JVM或者其他进程中处理使用的编码不对, 导致报错时输出主控制台乱码!!
如何调试? 再使用IDEA控制台带--stacktrace 参数再跑一遍, 拿到执行任务的错误栈, 分析

createMergedModule --stacktrace

看源码gradle的大部分任务应该是封装为 org.gradle.process.internal.DefaultExecAction 对象处理

public class DefaultExecAction extends DefaultExecHandleBuilder implements ExecAction {  
    public DefaultExecAction(PathToFileResolver fileResolver, Executor executor, BuildCancellationToken buildCancellationToken) {  
        super(fileResolver, executor, buildCancellationToken);  
    }  
  
    @Override  
    public ExecResult execute() {  
        ExecHandle execHandle = build();  
        ExecResult execResult = execHandle.start().waitForFinish();  //执行
        if (!isIgnoreExitValue()) {  
            execResult.assertNormalExitValue();  
        }  
        return execResult;  
    }  
}

主逻辑在 org.gradle.process.internal.DefaultExecHandle#start

@Override  
public ExecHandle start() {  
    LOGGER.info("Starting process '{}'. Working directory: {} Command: {} {}",  
            displayName, directory, command, ARGUMENT_JOINER.join(arguments));  
    lock.lock();  
    try {  
        if (!stateIn(ExecHandleState.INIT)) {  
            throw new IllegalStateException(format("Cannot start process '%s' because it has already been started", displayName));  
        }  
        setState(ExecHandleState.STARTING);  
  
        broadcast.getSource().beforeExecutionStarted(this);  
        execHandleRunner = new ExecHandleRunner(  
            this, new CompositeStreamsHandler(), processLauncher, executor, CurrentBuildOperationRef.instance().get()  
        );  
        executor.execute(execHandleRunner);  
  
        while (stateIn(ExecHandleState.STARTING)) {  
            LOGGER.debug("Waiting until process started: {}.", displayName);  
            try {  
                stateChanged.await();  
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {  
                execHandleRunner.abortProcess();  
                throw UncheckedException.throwAsUncheckedException(e);  
            }  
        }  
  
        if (execResult != null) {  
            execResult.rethrowFailure();  
        }  
  
        LOGGER.info("Successfully started process '{}'", displayName);  
    } finally {  
        lock.unlock();  
    }  
    return this;  
}

最终执行在 org.gradle.process.internal.ExecHandleRunner#startProcess 又新开了一个进程

private void startProcess() {  
    lock.lock();  
    try {  
        if (aborted) {  
            throw new IllegalStateException("Process has already been aborted");  
        }  
        ProcessBuilder processBuilder = processBuilderFactory.createProcessBuilder(execHandle);  
        Process process = processLauncher.start(processBuilder);  
        streamsHandler.connectStreams(process, execHandle.getDisplayName(), executor);  
        this.process = process;  
    } finally {  
        lock.unlock();  
    }  
}

jpackageImage FAILED

The module name specified in 'application.mainModule' (null) has not the expected value (org.yang.map).

在 application 块, 增加 mainModule 属性

application{
	// 解决
    mainModule = "org.yang.map"
 
}

Scene Builder

JavaFx 的场景设计器, (终于单独出来, 不依赖eclipse了)

https://docs.gluonhq.com/#scenebuilder-LibraryManager 下载页: https://gluonhq.com/products/scene-builder/

For JDK 8

Scene Builder for eclipse plugin

eclipse 首先需要安装 e(fx)eclipse

参考 JavaFX Tooling and Runtime for Eclipse and OSGi

打开eclipse → help -> install software
work with 选择: Oxygen - http://download.eclipse.org/releases/oxygen
过滤输入e(fx)clipse
选上 e(fx)clipse - IDE Next . accept.. finish

Oracle [javafx Scene Builder download page]
下载对应平台安装, 例:javafx_scenebuilder-1_1-windows.msi
配置Eclipse以使用Scene Builder

Window -> References -> JavaFX
找到 Scene Builder executeable 的执行文件目录即可

如果不安装, JDK1.8 (1.9以后又给去掉) 集成了javafx, 直接到./jre/lib/ext/jfxrt.jar把这个包, copy过来就行..

第一个JavaFX Project

它已经自动生成一些文件

HelloJFx 
    └─src
        └─application
                application.css
                Main.java

新建fxml

新建./src/application.fxml ui文件** open with Scene Builder设计

<!> 第一个容器需要拖动到左下(分层结构|Document) 才有效=.= {Builder 2.0不用了}

设计界面

左上, 一些预定义的容器,组件..
左下, 设置预览与java代码交互的配置,例设置controller, action 方法
右边,组件的风格,配置..

设计后的xml文件.

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 
    <?import java.lang.*?>
    <?import javafx.scene.control.*?>
    <?import javafx.scene.layout.*?>
    <?import javafx.scene.layout.AnchorPane?>
 
    <!-- fx:controller 属性指定控制类, 代码后面-->
    <AnchorPane xmlns:fx="http://javafx.com/fxml/1" xmlns="http://javafx.com/javafx/2.2" fx:controller="application.Controller">
   
    <children>
        <Pane layoutX="0.0" layoutY="0.0" minHeight="300.0" minWidth="400.0" prefHeight="200.0" prefWidth="200.0">
        <children>
            <!-- Button 组件: fx:id="myButton" 指定ID; onAction="#sayHolle" 指定事件方法 -->
            <Button fx:id="myButton" layoutX="164.0" layoutY="74.0" mnemonicParsing="false" onAction="#sayHolle" text="say Holle" />
            <!-- TextField 组件:两个ID区别 
            1. fx:id, 主要应用于java代码 查找,控制引用; 
            2. id, 主要应用于css样式选择器 例如: #myButton{ font-size: 16pt; }-->
            <TextField id="myButton" fx:id="myTextField" alignment="TOP_CENTER" editable="false" layoutX="101.0" layoutY="129.0" prefWidth="200.0" text="----" />
        </children>
        </Pane>
    </children>
    </AnchorPane>

控制器代码, application.Controller

package application;
 
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
 
import javafx.event.ActionEvent;
import javafx.fxml.FXML;
import javafx.fxml.Initializable;
import javafx.scene.control.Button;
import javafx.scene.control.TextField;
 
public class Controller implements Initializable {
 
	@FXML
	private Button myButton;
	@FXML
	private TextField myTextField;
 
	private int count = 0; 
	@Override
	public void initialize(URL location, ResourceBundle resources) {
		
    /**
    这里初始化每个控件.
    fxml设置最基本的容器;
    然后在这里为容器添加 自定义组件等等..
 
    */
		System.out.println("Controller initialize");
		count = 100;
	}
	
	public void sayHolle(ActionEvent event) {
		myTextField.setText("Holle word - "+ count++);
 
	}
}

Main方法

package application;
	
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.fxml.FXMLLoader;
import javafx.scene.Parent;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
 
 
public class Main extends Application {
	@Override
	public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
		try {
			 Parent root = FXMLLoader.load(getClass()
	                    .getResource("/application.fxml"));
 
            primaryStage.setTitle("My Application");
            primaryStage.setScene(new Scene(root));
			primaryStage.show();
		} catch(Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		launch(args);
	}
}

无图无真相

概念

Application

javafx.application.Application

javafx.application.Application 是javafx程序的入口点, 每个javaFX应用都需要继承javafx.application.Application 类, 他已经定义了应用程序的生命周期, 包含一下方法（这些方法都会被javafx框架自动调用）:

Application.init() 在应用开始之前做一些准备; 这个方法在 JavaFX launcher 这个特殊的线程中调用;

Application.start(Stage stage) 用来开启程序, 可以用来定义完整的应用程序和通过添加一个场景定义应用程序的主窗口视图;

Application.stop() 在应用关闭的时候被调用一次, 它可以由不同原因触发, 比如用户点击了程序主窗口的退出按钮; 这个方法被JavaFX应用程序线程调用;

Stage Scene

Stage(舞台)是一个类似于Swing中的JWindow的顶级容器, 代表一个窗口;

它用于容纳场景Scene, 场景Scene是一个类似于Swing的JFrame的容器; 但是却是以树的形式组织的, 每一个子组件就是它的一个节点; 其根节点一般是Pane面板如以上的: StackPane.它是一个根节点容器; 可以容纳子节点; 各子节点挂载在其上;

https://blog.csdn.net/xby1993/article/details/17203977 https://hjk685.iteye.com/blog/2202279

与swing混用

在JavaFX中, 有个JFXPanel; 这个组件是JavaFX和Swing进行混合编程的桥梁;

JFXPanel是继承于JComponent的; 而JavaFX的UI控件都是继承于javafx.scene.control.Control; 所以很明显, 它其实是一个Swing组件, 而非JavaFX的组件;

继承关系基本相同, 也就是说, 凡是在使用JPanel的地方, 我们都可以用JFXPanel来替代; JFXPanel中有一个setScene方法, 可以设置其中显示的JavaFX内容;

//JFXPanel 继承链
java.lang.Object
  java.awt.Component
    java.awt.Container
      javax.swing.JComponent
        javafx.embed.swing.JFXPanel
// JPanel 继承链
java.lang.Object
  继承者 java.awt.Component
      继承者 java.awt.Container
          继承者 javax.swing.JComponent
              继承者 javax.swing.JPanel

嵌入swing组件

@Override
public void initialize(URL arg0, ResourceBundle arg1) {
	  final SwingNode swingNode = new SwingNode(); 
	createAndSetSwingContent(swingNode); 
  //在初始化时添加 swingNode
	javafxComp.getChildren().add(swingNode);
}
 
  private void createAndSetSwingContent(final SwingNode swingNode) { 
    SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() { 
    @Override 
    public void run() { 
      JPanel panel = new JPanel(); 
      panel.add(new Player() );
      swingNode.setContent(panel); 
    } 
    }); 
  }

Quartz 4

Explorer

N_JavaFX

Java FX

发展历史

JavaFx 模块列表

Run HelloWorld using Gradle

build.gradle

HelloApplication

Spring boo3 + Javafx

问题

with Web 混合开发

JavaFX 程序打包

踩坑指南

IllegalArgumentException

关于乱码

jpackageImage FAILED

Scene Builder

For JDK 8

Scene Builder for eclipse plugin

第一个JavaFX Project

新建fxml

控制器代码, application.Controller

Main方法

概念

Application

Stage Scene

与swing混用

嵌入swing组件

Graph View

Table of Contents

Backlinks